Lenin became the leader of the "Bolshevik" -- Russian for "majority" -- faction of the Communist Party while Trotsky was one of the leaders of the "Menshevik" or "minority" faction. The Bolshevik seizure of power in Petrograd in October 1917 was celebrated for over seventy years by the Soviet government as a sacred act that laid the foundation for a new political order which would transform “backward” Russia (and after 1923 the Soviet Union) into an advanced socialist society. The Bolsheviks, who were students of Marx, believed that the Russian power structure should be overthrown and power should be given to the architects of the revolution (i.e. The workers were also generally behind the Bolsheviks. The Karl-Marx Hof [Courtyard] in Vienna, 1930 “Red Vienna,” the municipal stronghold of the Social-Democratic Party of Austria (SDAP) in the 1920s and 30s, has become increasingly popular on the left recently. In 1918, the party was renamed the Russian Communist Party. Fast-forward to 1917. Support from the peasants was needed if the fragile Bolshevik government was going to survive – hence why they agreed that they would hand over control of the land to the peasants in the form of state collective farms. Why did the Bolsheviks win? In February of that year, the people of Russia revolted against the Tsar and his autocratic regime. Texts Images Video Music Other Resources. Subject essay: Lewis Siegelbaum. The years from 1917 to 1920 became known as "war communism" due to the methods the Bolsheviks used to push their political agenda. The Provisional Government had failed … They set up a democratic parliament and were in the process of turning Russia into a liberal democracy. They felt the Bolsheviks would give them land and a system in which they did not have overlords to exploit them. themselves). Now, what made Bolsheviks different from Mensheviks, Social Revolutionaries, or indeed their predecessors in the populist intelligentsia, was the usage of violence [Extract from a paper I wrote in November on "The Failure of the ‘Public Sphere’ in Late Tsarist Russia, Bolshevik Militarism and the Russian Civil War"]: Lenin and the Bolsheviks wanted the Communist Party to be led … ... “Everything you want to know…” is … The Red Guards, soldiers and sailors, stormed the former Tsar's palace (Winter Palace) in November 1917. Bolshevik Land Reforms Land reform was very important to the Bolsheviks. In my contribution, I want to revisit the main conclusions of my writings on 1917, especially as they relate to the thorny, still deeply politicized question of how the Bolsheviks won out in … Lenin and his communist cohorts endeavored to put Marx's tenets of belief into practice. The Bolsheviks, in Lenin and Trotsky's writings time after time called for the placing of the economy and state directly under workers' control.

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